TORCH INFECTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE FETUS
Keywords:
TORCH, Syphilis, herpes, AIDS, ZIKA, Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus (CMV), CCMV, blood analysis, CT, MRI, IgM, IgG, seroprevalence, ELISA test, PCR, IUFD, placenta, fetus.Abstract
This article is about TORCH infection, its triggers information is available. This disease has long been among the dangerous diseases among many countries. TORCH is a combination of several infections. These pathogens include CMV and cCMV, hepatitis, HIV, and herpes viruses. Every year, many babies and mothers suffer from TORCH infection. This article talks about how to protect against infection and diagnose it. This disease can develop without symptoms in a woman's body for a long time. If a woman is pregnant, the disease begins to manifest itself. It causes serious complications in the child's body. Therefore, every woman must undergo an analysis for TORCH before pregnancy. These analyzes include PCR, blood analysis, viral testing, as well as CT and MRI as additional tests. Among the severe complications of this infection, it is appropriate to include miscarriage, premature birth and inability to conceive again.
References
1. A.V. Alimov, Neonatology; Tashkent-2010[1]
2. S. Temirova, Infectious diseases; Tashkent-2008[2]
3. F.M. Ayupova, Yu.Q. Djabbarova, Gynecology; Tashkent Mekhridaryo-2014[3]
4. Kh. Saparov, Extremely dangerous infectious diseases; Tashkent-2016[4]
5. Med360.uz[5]
6. www.ziyonet.uz[6]
7. Association of TORCH disease and fetal safety in women with a history of poor fertility in East Indian strong-ranked women. Nayak S, Panigrahi K, Pathi B, Poddar N, Pattnaik D, Mohakud N. Neuro Quantol. 2022; 20:54
8. Bascietto F, Liberati M, Murgano D, Buca D, Lacovelli A, Flacco
ME, Manzoli L, Familiari A, Scambia G, D'Antonio F. Fetal outcome with regional parvovirus B19 infection: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. November 2018; 52 (5): 569-576. [PubMed: 29785793]
9. Cardoso-dos-Santos A.C., Magalh,es V.S., Medeiros-de-Souza A.C., Bremm J.M., Alves R.F.S., de Araujo V.E.M., Macario E.M., Oliveira W.K.d., de FranÁa G.V.A. International collaboration networks for the surveillance of congenital anomalies: A narrative review. Epidemiol. ServiÁos Sade. 2020;29:e2020093. doi: 10.5123/s1679-49742020000400003. [DOI] [PubMed]
10. Cooper JM, Sanchez PJ. Congenital syphilis. Semin Perinatol. April 2018; 42 (3): 176-184. [PubMed: 29627075]
11. Dubey J., Murata F., Cerqueira-CÈzar C., Kwok O., Villena I. Congenital toxoplasmosis in humans: An update of worldwide rate of congenital infections. Parasitology. 2021; 148: 1406ñ1416. doi:
12.1017/S0031182021001013. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]
13.. Finken MJJ, van der Steen M, Smeets CCJ, Walenkamp MJE, de Bruin C, Hokken-Koelega ACS, Wit JM. Children born small for gestational age: differential diagnosis, molecular genetic evaluation, and implications. Endocr Rev. December 01, 2018; 39(6):851-894. [PubMed: 29982551]
14.. Halawa S., McDermott L., Donati M., Denbow M.: TORCH screening in pregnancy. Where are we now? Walking audit in a tertiary center. In: J Obstet Gynecol., May 2014, 34(4), pp. 309ñ312. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2013.872609.
15.Hammad W.A.B., Konje J.C. Herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancyñAn update. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2021; 259:38ñ45. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.01.055. [DOI] [PubMed]
16. Kimberlin DW, Jester PM, S-nchez PJ et al National Institute of Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Research Group. Valganciclovir for symptomatic regional cytomegalovirus disease. NEngl J Med. March 05, 2015; 372 (10): 933-43. [PMC free article: PMC4401811] [PubMed: 25738669]
17. Kota A.S., Shabbir N. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; Tampa, FL, USA: 2019. Congenital Toxoplasmosis. [PubMed]
18. Kumar R, Binnani A and Shyoran S. Seroprevalence of TORCH infections in pregnant women with poor obstetric history in and around Bikaner, North West Rajasthan. J Appl Med Sci 2018; 6 (5): 2018-2023. DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018.6.5.30.
19. Malhotra VL et al. Comparison of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and indirect hemagglutination test in the serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 23:154ñ6...
20. McCoshen! M.! Masterís Thesis. Augsburg University; Minneapolis, MN, USA: 2019. Barriers to Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Access in Central America with a Focus on Modern Contraception.
21. Muhammad Zare Mehrjar: Is Zika Virus an Emerging TORCH Agent? Suggested Comment. In: Virology: Research and Treatment. Volume 8, 2017, ISSN 1178-122X, 1178122X17708993
22.. Prevention of maternal and congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Johnson J, Anderson B, Pass RF. Clin Obstet Gynecol; 55: 521ñ530. doi: 10.1097/ GRF.0b013e3182510b7b. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]
23. Prevention of primary cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy. Revello MG, Tibaldi C, Masuelli G, et al. EBioMedicine. 2015;2:120501210. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.08.003. [DOI] [PMC free article].